347 Stainless Steel Sheet
347 stainless steel is a stabilized austenitic stainless steel that contains niobium (columbium) to stabilize the material against carbide precipitation during welding and high-temperature applications. It offers excellent corrosion resistance, good mechanical properties, and high-temperature stability.347 stainless steel sheets provide a high-performance solution for applications requiring excellent corrosion resistance, high-temperature stability, and good mechanical properties. Their suitability for industries such as aerospace, chemical processing, power generation, and automotive makes them a versatile choice. Proper handling, machining, and surface treatments can optimize the performance and longevity of 347 stainless steel sheets in specific applications.
21 Stainless Steel Sheet Chemical Composition(%)
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | N |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.08% max | 0.75% max | 2.0% max | 0.045% max | 0.03% max | 17.0 – 19.0% | 9.0 – 12.0% | 0.1% max |
Mechanical Properties
| Tensile Strength | Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) | Elongation | Hardness (Rockwell B) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 515 – 720 MPa (74,700 – 104,400 psi) | 205 – 275 MPa (29,700 – 39,900 psi) | 40% min | 85 max |
Physical Properties
| Density | Melting Point | Specific Heat Capacity | Thermal Conductivity | Electrical Resistivity | Modulus of Elasticity (Young's Modulus) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7.93 g/cm³ (0.286 lb/in³) | 1398 – 1420°C (2550 – 2590°F) | 0.50 J/g°C (0.12 Btu/lb°F) | 16.3 W/m°C (113 Btu-in/h-ft²-°F) | 72 µΩ-cm (28.5 µΩ-in) at 20°C (68°F) | 193 GPa (28 x 10^6 psi) |
Heat Treatment
321 stainless steel is typically heat treated to enhance its mechanical properties and achieve the desired balance of strength and corrosion resistance. The heat treatment process for 321 stainless steel usually involves annealing and/or solution annealing. Here's an overview of the typical heat treatment process:
Annealing (Solution Annealing):
Heating: Heat the material to a temperature range of 950°C to 1050°C (1742°F to 1922°F) for a sufficient time to ensure uniformity throughout the material.
Soaking: Hold the material at an elevated temperature for a period of time to allow for the complete dissolution of any carbides or other precipitates.
Cooling: Rapidly quench the material in water or air to room temperature. This process prevents the formation of harmful phases and ensures the material remains in the austenitic phase.
The purpose of annealing is to restore the material's corrosion resistance and ductility while minimizing the formation of chromium carbides that can lead to intergranular corrosion.
Stress Relief Annealing:
For parts that have undergone extensive forming, welding, or machining, a stress-relief annealing process can be applied.
Heating: Heat the material to a temperature range of 450°C to 800°C (842°F to 1472°F).
Soaking: Maintain the temperature for a sufficient time to relieve residual stresses without significantly affecting the material's properties.
Cooling: Air cooling or furnace cooling to room temperature.
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